Ukuphakama kwamandla amakhulu omhlaba wonke kuqala ekwakhiweni kwemikhumbi futhi kudlule olwandle.Njengophawu olubalulekile lwezinga lezimboni zezwe,imboni yokwakha imikhumbi, "njengomqhele wezimboni ezibanzi", inezinga eliphezulu lokukhula kwezimboni kanye nomfutho wezimboni oqinile.Kusukela engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka, ukushoda kwamandla okuthutha emhlabeni wonke kuye kwaholela ekwenyukeni kwentengo yemikhumbi, futhi ukukhula kwesidingo semikhumbi kuye kwaholela ekwenyukeni kwama-oda emikhumbi emisha yamazwe ngamazwe, okuzala “indawo ephumelelayo engakaze ibonwe iminyaka eyishumi” embonini yomhlaba wonke yokwakha imikhumbi.Kuhle.
Nakuba isimo sisihle, imboni yokwakha imikhumbi isadinga ukubhekana nezinkinga eziningi zokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu yokuvikelwa kwemvelo.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-International Maritime Organization (IMO) kancane kancane iye yawusheshisa umthetho wayo ophathelene nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, futhi izinkomba ezifanele zokonga kwamandla kanye nokuqina kwekhabhoni zisungule ngokusobala uhlelo lwezikhathi oluzoqala ukusebenza ngalo.
Ngaso leso sikhathi, umgomo "we-carbon peak kanye ne-carbon neutrality" nawo uhlongozwa ukuthuthukiswa okuluhlaza kwemboni yokwakha umkhumbi.Ngezidingo ezintsha, "i-decarbonization" ibalulekile, futhi ukusetshenziswa okujulile kwamandla amasha, izinto ezintsha kanye nobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza nobuhlakani obengeziwe sekuyinkomba eyinhloko yemboni yokwakha nokulungisa kanye nokuthumela ngemikhumbi esikhathini esizayo.
Ngokwesiko, ukwehliswa kwemikhumbi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokunakekelwa nokulungiswa komkhumbi.Esikhathini esedlule, kwakwenziwa ikakhulukazi isando sefosholo esisebenza ngesandla noma ukuqhunyiswa komoya.Kodwa-ke, manje emabhizinisini amakhulu okwakha imikhumbi, ukuhlanzwa kwe-laser kuya kusetshenziselwa ukwenza ukuhlanza umkhumbi.Ukuhlanza, kungani kukhona ushintsho olunjalo?Noma yiziphi izinzuzoimishini yokuhlanza laseruma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokuhlanza zendabuko?
Inqubo yokuhlanza yendabuko ekwakheni nasekulungiseni umkhumbi
Ekwakhiweni nasekulungiseni umkhumbi, kunenani elikhulu lezixhumanisi zokuhlanza, ikakhulukazi ezihlanganisa nokulungiswa kwamapuleti ensimbi (ngaphambi kokushisela nangemva kokushisela) kanye nokulungiswa kwezigaba (ngaphambi kokudweba) kwemikhumbi emisha, kanye nokususwa kokugqwala nokususwa ngokuphelele ekulungiseni nasekugcinweni kwemikhumbi emidala.Upende nokulungiswa kwepende yesibili.
Izinqubo zokuhlanza nokususwa kopende ngokwesiko zibandakanya ukugaya ngesandla, ukuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi, ukuqhunyiswa kwesibhamu, ukugeza amanzi anengcindezi ephezulu nokuhlanza amakhemikhali.Lezi zinqubo zokuhlanza zendabuko zingahlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlanza i-hull ngokuya ngokusebenza kahle kanye nekhwalithi yokususa ukugqwala, kodwa azikwazi ukushaywa indiva.Yebo, asebenzisa amandla amakhulu, asebenzisa amanzi amaningi kanye nogesi, ikakhulukazi ukuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi kukhiqiza intuthu eningi nothuli, okubangela ukungcoliswa okukhulu kwemvelo, kanye nokugaywa kabusha kwamanzi angcolile ngemva kokugeza amanzi anomfutho omkhulu, kanye neminye imisebenzi izidingo zokuhlanzeka okuphezulu azikwazi ukuqedwa njll.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza i-laserinezinzuzo eziningi ezifanaakukho monakalo ku-substrate, ukulawula okunembile ezingeni le-micron, ukonga amandla nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, ngakho-ke isiphenduke indawo yocwaningo ekwakheni umkhumbi.
1. Ukususwa kokugqwala okwenziwa ngesandla
Amathuluzi okukhipha ukugqwala okwenziwa ngesandla ahlanganisa izando, amafosholo, imimese yensimbi, amabhulashi ocingo, njll. Ngokuvamile, izindawo zokugqwala eziwugqinsi zixetshulwa ngesando bese zisuswa ngefosholo.Umfutho wemisebenzi ephezulu kanye nokusebenza kahle kokugqwala okuphansi.
2. Ukususwa kokugqwala ngomshini
(1) Ukususwa kokugqwala okuncane kwe-pneumatic noma kagesi;(2) Ukukhipha ukugqwala kwesibhamu (isihlabathi);
(3) Ukukhipha amanzi ngomfutho ophakeme wokushisa;(4) Ukudubula ngokudubula.
3. Ukususwa kokugqwala kwamakhemikhali
Ngokuyinhloko kuyindlela yokukhipha ukugqwala esebenzisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwe-asidi ne-oxide yensimbi ukuze kukhishwe ukugqwala endaweni yensimbi, okungukuthi, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-pickling kanye nokususwa kokugqwala, okungasetshenziswa kuphela endaweni yokusebenzela.Ukususwa kokugqwala kwamakhemikhali kunobungozi obukhulu, ukungcoliswa kwemvelo okukhulu, futhi kuvinjelwe ukusetshenziswa.
4. Ukususwa kokugqwala kwe-laser
Ukususwa kokugqwala kwe-laser kuwubuchwepheshe obusha obusha obuluhlaza, obunobungani bemvelo, obusebenzayo futhi obuphephile, obuzothatha indawo yalezi zinqubo ezingenhla futhi busetshenziswe kabanzi.Ikakhulukazi ekuhlubeni upende, ukukhishwa kukawoyela, ukuhlanzwa konqenqema nokususwa kokugqwala, kanye nokususwa kongqimba lwe-oxide, ukuhlanzwa nge-laser kuzodlala indima engenakushintshwa.
Ngokusekelwe eqinisweni elingenhla, ngaphansi kwezidingo zamazinga amasha e-EIA, amabhizinisi emboni yokwakha imikhumbi kufanele afune ngenkuthalo izinqubo nezindlela zokuhlanza ezintsha, eziphumelelayo nezihlanzekile zokuxazulula izinhlungu zemboni.
Ukuhlanza i-laser kwenza ukuhlanza umkhumbi kube inketho ebalulekile
Eminyakeni yamuva, ngaphansi kokugqugquzelwa kokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukonga amandla nokuvikelwa kwemvelo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni, ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza i-laser buye bavela kancane kancane ekusetshenzisweni okuphezulu okufana nezimoto ezintsha zamandla, i-aerospace, kanye ne-precision electronics, futhi kuye kwavela. kuboniswe ukwanda kwamathuba okusebenza embonini yezokwakha imikhumbi.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza i-laser bunezinzuzo eziningi njengokuthi akukho monakalo ku-substrate, ukulawula okunembile ezingeni le-micron, ukonga amandla nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, njll., futhi bungahlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo zokususwa kokugqwala kwawo wonke amaphrofayili ensimbi kanye nokwelashwa ngaphambi nangemva kokushisela.
Ngokuphathelene nokugcinwa komkhumbi, ukuhlanzwa kwe-laser, njengobuchwepheshe bokuhlanza “okunembayo okuphezulu”, kulungele ukuxetshulwa kokugqwala nopende ezindaweni zamakhabethe, amathangi e-ballast, amathangi kaphethiloli, njll., kanye nokuhlanzwa kwekhabhoni. ama-deposit afana nama-valve we-cylinder engine diesel yasolwandle Ayilimazi i-substrate, futhi ingabhekana nezikhala ezincane ngaphandle kwezithiyo zokususa ngokunembile isikali, izinga eliphezulu lokuhlanza, ukonga amandla nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.
Uma ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe mayelana nokuhlanza i-laser, noma ufuna ukukuthengela umshini wokuhlanza we-laser ongcono kakhulu, sicela ushiye umlayezo kuwebhusayithi yethu futhi usithumele i-imeyili ngokuqondile!
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-12-2022
